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Lady Sun
Lady Sun, known as Sun Shangxiang in Chinese opera and contemporary culture, was a noble lady who lived in the late Eastern Han dynasty. She was a daughter of Sun Jian and a younger sister of the warlords Sun Ce and Sun Quan, who laid the foundation for the state of Eastern Wu in the Three Kingdoms period. She was wed to the warlord Liu Bei sometime in 209 as Liu's third wife, supposedly to strengthen an alliance between Liu Bei and Sun Quan. However, around 211, she returned to Sun Quan's domain when Liu Bei left Jing Province (covering present-day Hubei and Hunan) and travelled to Yi Province (covering present-day Sichuan and Chongqing).
==Life==
Lady Sun was the only daughter of Sun Jian and Lady Wu. She had four brothers who were also born to Lady Wu – Sun Ce, Sun Quan, Sun Yi and Sun Kuang.〔(孫破虜吳夫人，吳主權母也。 ... 生四男一女。) ''Sanguozhi'' vol. 50.〕〔(志林曰：堅有五子：策、權、翊、匡，吳氏所生；少子朗，庶生也，一名仁。) ''Zhi Lin'' annotation in ''Sanguozhi'' vol. 46.〕 Her personal name was not recorded in history.
Sometime in 209,〔(權以妹妻備。妹才捷剛猛，有諸兄風，侍婢百餘人，皆執刀侍立，備每入，心常凜凜。) ''Zizhi Tongjian'' vol. 66.〕 Lady Sun married the warlord Liu Bei to strengthen an alliance between Liu Bei and Sun Quan. The marriage probably took place at Gong'an (公安; present-day Gong'an County, Hubei), and Lady Sun was sent there to marry Liu Bei because Liu was serving as the Governor (牧) of Jing Province then and his provincial capital was at Gong'an.〔Liu Bei's biography in the ''Sanguozhi'' mentioned that Sun Quan feared Liu's influence after the latter became Governor of Jing Province, so he arranged a marriage between his sister and Liu. Quote from ''Sanguozhi'' vol. 32: (琦病死，群下推先主為荊州牧，治公安。權稍畏之，進妹固好。) Sun Quan's biography in the ''Sanguozhi'' stated that Liu Bei took up the governorship of Jing Province in the 14th year of Jian'an (209), so Lady Sun most probably married Liu Bei in 209. Quote from ''Sanguozhi'' vol. 47: (十四年， ... 劉備表權行車騎將軍，領徐州牧。備領荊州牧，屯公安。)〕 Lady Sun was known to be wise and shrewd, and tough and fierce in character, very much like her brother Sun Quan. She had more than a hundred female servants, all of whom carried swords and stood guard outside her room. Whenever Liu Bei entered her room, he felt a chill in his heart.〔(初，孫權以妹妻先主，妹才捷剛猛，有諸兄之風，侍婢百餘人，皆親執刀侍立，先主每入，衷心常凜凜；亮又知先主雅愛信正，故言如此。) ''Sanguozhi'' vol. 37.〕 Liu Bei was also suspicious and fearful of Lady Sun. Liu Bei's adviser Zhuge Liang once said, "When our lord (Liu Bei) was in Gong'an, he was wary of Cao Cao's influence in the north, feared Sun Quan's presence in the east, even in home territory he was afraid that Lady Sun might stir up trouble."〔(亮荅曰：「主公之在公安也，北畏曹公之彊，東憚孫權之逼，近則懼孫夫人生變於肘腋之下； ...) ''Sanguozhi'' vol. 37.〕
Around 211,〔(孫權聞備西上，遣舟船迎妹，而夫人慾將備子禪還吳，張飛、趙雲勒兵截江，乃得禪還。) ''Zizhi Tongjian'' vol. 66.〕 when Liu Bei left Jing Province on a campaign to attack the warlord Liu Zhang in Yi Province (covering present-day Sichuan and Chongqing) while Lady Sun remained in Jing Province. Liu Bei knew that his general Zhao Yun was a serious and orderly person, so he specially put Zhao in charge of internal affairs (in Jing Province). When Sun Quan heard that Liu Bei had travelled to Yi Province, he sent a ship to fetch his sister back to his domain. Lady Sun attempted to bring Liu Bei's son Liu Shan, who was born to Liu Bei's first wife Lady Gan, with her back to Sun Quan's territory. However, Liu Bei's generals Zhao Yun and Zhang Fei led their men to intercept her on the way and retrieved Liu Shan.〔(雲別傳曰： ... 先主入益州，雲領留營司馬。此時先主孫夫人以權妹驕豪，多將吳吏兵，縱橫不法。先主以雲嚴重，必能整齊，特任掌內事。權聞備西徵，大遣舟船迎妹，而夫人內欲將後主還吳，雲與張飛勒兵截江，乃得後主還。) ''Yun Biezhuan'' annotation in ''Sanguozhi'' vol. 36.〕 Nothing was recorded in history about what happened to Lady Sun after she returned home.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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